How does globalization generally affect national economies?

Globalization generally affects national economies by facilitating global trade and investment. This process involves the integration and interaction of economies, leading to increased flow of goods, services, and capital across borders. As countries engage in globalization, they often benefit from expanded markets for their products, access to a wider variety of goods and services, and enhanced foreign investment opportunities.

Through globalization, nations can specialize in the production of goods and services in which they have a comparative advantage, leading to greater efficiency and economic growth. This interconnectedness allows for the sharing of technology, innovations, and capital, further driving economic development. Additionally, globalization promotes competition, which can lower prices for consumers and improve the quality of products available in the market.

In contrast, the other choices do not accurately reflect the impact of globalization on national economies. Isolationism, trade restrictions, and localism are typically antithetical to the principles of globalization, which emphasize open markets and international cooperation. Therefore, the correct answer highlights how globalization actively enhances global trade and investment, representing a fundamental characteristic of modern economic interactions among nations.