What does the term demographic relate to?

The term demographic relates specifically to human populations or particular segments of them. This encompasses various characteristics that define populations, such as age, race, gender, income, education level, and more. Demographics are essential for understanding the composition of a population, which can inform policies, marketing strategies, social services, and many other fields. By analyzing demographic data, researchers and policymakers can identify trends and make predictions about social behavior and needs.

In contrast, the other options focus on different areas: economic growth indicators pertain to financial and economic measurements, technological advancements relate to progress in technology, and political affiliations indicate a person's political allegiance or party identification. These concepts do not capture the essence of demographics, which centers on the study of populations.